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Delivering the Science
and the Art of Health Promotion |
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Robert F. Allen
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| THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH PROMOTION | ||
| Commentary | ||
| Critical Issues and Trends | ||
| Senator Tom Harkin | 1 |
Health Care, Not Sick Care Senator Tom Harkin announces his introduction of the HeLP (Healthy Lifestyles and Prevention) Act. This comprehensive legislation provides incentives to stimulate health promotion in workplace, school, and community settings, with specific programs for disabled people, food marketing, Medicare reimbursement for preventive services, and research on obesity, and creation of a National Health Promotion Trust Fund to pay for programs by penalties on tobacco companies that fail to cut smoking rates among children, ending federal subsidies for tobacco advertising, and closing other tax loopholes. |
| Interventions | ||
| Smoking Control | ||
| Caroline L. Dunn Phyllis L. Pirie J. Michael Oakes |
3 | Outcomes of a Statewide
Anti–Tobacco Industry Youth Organizing Movement A sample of 852 youth in six rural and two urban regions of Minnesota were interviewed by telephone to determine associations between exposure to a state wide anti-tobacco industry campaign. Branding activities reached 56% and messaging activities 60%. There was no relationship between exposure to branding activities and attitudes related to the tobacco industry and the effectiveness of kids in tobacco control efforts, but there were consistent relationships between higher exposure to messaging and these attitudes. Of those who heard about the campaign, 32% got involved and 45% talked to a friend about how the tobacco industries targets teens. The more intensive exposure to branding and messaging, the more likely participation in the campaign, and talking to a friend, but this did not reduce their susceptibility to smoking. Involvement in activities was related to only one of the attitude measures, susceptibility to three and spreading the message to all five. |
| Social Health | ||
| Roy F. Oman Sara K. Vesely Cheryl B. Aspy Kenneth R. McLeroy Christi D. Luby |
12 | The Association Between
Multiple Youth Assets and Sexual Behavior Cross sectional data on demographics, nine youth assets, and five youth sexual behaviors were collected from 1350 parents and 1350 teenagers aged 13–19 through in-home interviews in racially diverse, inner city neighborhoods in two midwestern cities. Youth who possessed greater numbers of assets were more likely to have never participated in sexual intercourse (OR = 1.32). Of those who were sexually active, those with more assets were more likely to have delayed intercourse until at least age 17 (OR = 1.47) and to have used birth control at last sexual intercourse (OR = 1.18). Assets were not related to number of sexual partners or having intercourse with the past four weeks among those who were sexually active. |
| Strategies | ||
| Behavior Change | ||
| Marilyn A. Winkleby Catherine Cubbin |
19 | Changing Patterns in Health
Behaviors and Risk Factors Related to Chronic Diseases, 1990–2000 Changes in health behaviors between 1990 and 2000 were analyzed for 16,948 black, 11,956 Hispanic, and 158,707 white women and men, ages 18–74, from data in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Young women and men, ages 18–24, had poor health profiles and experienced adverse changes from 1990–2000. They had the highest prevalences of smoking, largest increases in smoking, and large increases in obesity. Young women and men from each racial/ethnic group also had high levels of sedentary behavior and low vegetable and/or fruit intake. In contrast, older Hispanic women and men, and older black men, ages 65–74, had the largest decreases in smoking (Hispanic women), largest increases in physical activity (Hispanic women and black men), and largest increases in vegetable and/or fruit intake (Hispanic women and men, and black men). |
| Lorien C. Abroms Pebbles Fagan Marla E. Eisenberg Hye-Seung H. Lee Natania Remba Glorian Sorensen |
28 | The STRENGTH Ezine: An
Application of E-mail for Health Promotion in Adolescent Girls Adolescent girls aged 15–17 were recruited at a shopping mall for an e-mail–based health promotion program. Those with e-mail addresses were assigned to receive a 7-month weekly interactive e-mail magazine called Ezine, which was designed to help them quit smoking, exercise regularly, and improve fruit and vegetable consumption. The Ezine and the comparison group received a program called STRENGTH, which included face-to-face parties and workshops at the mall, snail mail magazines, and flyers and post cards over the course of one year, beginning 5 months prior to Ezine. Only 81% of those in the Ezine group recalled receiving the e-mails although an average of 36.6% replied to each volume and 45.9% replied to at least one quiz or submitted advice column questions. Neither group showed any significant health improvements. |
| Applications | ||
| Health Promoting Community Design | ||
| Kevin J. Krizek Amanda S. Birnbaum David M. Levinson |
33 | A Schematic for Focusing on
Youth in Investigations of Community Design and Physical Activity The authors present a framework for describing youth physical activity in terms of how much time is spent being physically active or inactive during the 1440 minutes of each day. Four major domains are considered: school, home, obligatory activities, and discretionary activities. |
| Patricia Coogan Matthew A. Coogan |
39 | When Worlds Collide: Observations
on the Integration of Epidemiology and Transportation Behavioral Analysis in
the Study of Walking The current obesity epidemic has elevated the importance of the study of utilitarian walking in both the transportation and epidemiology fields, and helped researchers in both disciplines recognize that physical activity has been engineered out of most people's lives. Epidemiologist have focused primarily on leisure time physical activity, and transportation scientists have excluded walking from their models. Each discipline has unique data sources and innovative investigative methods. Collaboration between these normally separate groups could accelerate progress in understanding how utilitarian walking can be engineered back into people's lives. |
| Patricia K. Patterson Nancy J. Chapman |
45 | Urban Form and Older Residents'
Service Use, Walking, Driving, Quality of Life, and Neighborhood
Satisfaction Walking, driving, quality of life, and neighborhood satisfaction were compared among women over 70 living in urban (n = 63) and suburban (n = 70) neighborhoods near Portland, Oregon. Walking was more common for routine daily activities in urban settings and explained 10% of the variance total number of walking activities. Quality of life was lower in urban settings. No differences were found for neighborhood satisfaction or walking for recreational activities. |
| Research Methods | ||
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Abstracts DataBase: Research and Evaluation Results
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53 57 |
11abstracts
are featured from a variety of publications Four new studies are critiqued and added to the DataBase chart. |
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The Art of Health Promotion |
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| Larry S. Chapman |
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Reducing Obesity in Work Organizations The problem of overweight and obesity has been called an emerging “public health epidemic” of major proportions. In this issue of The Art of Health Promotion the focus is on the magnitude of the problem for employers and possible interventions that can help reduce obesity in working populations. Thirty-five possible intervention strategies from the “least invasive” to the “most invasive” are identified. Issues of cost, economic effectiveness and relative invasiveness are addressed in the ordering of the possible interventions. Finally a set of metrics are suggested for measuring the trends and effects of the use of multiple interventions targeted on obesity within a particular work force. |
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Selected Abstracts |
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| Larry S. Chapman |
12 |
Closing Thoughts Editorial comments on the main article are offered in the Closing Thoughts column.
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American Journal of Health Promotion | 248-682-0707 |
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